2022年上半年CATTI考试终于结束啦！
你考得怎么样呢？
我们一起来看看今天的翻译实务真题有哪些重难点吧！
01
三笔·英译汉
China launched an unmanned module(核心舱) on Thursday containing what will become living quarters for three crew on a permanent space station that it plans to complete by the end of 2022. The module, named “Tianhe”, or “Harmony of the Heavens” which will have a life span of at least 10 years, was launched on the Long March 5B, China's largest carrier rocket, at 11:23 a.m (0323GMT) from the Wenchang Space Launch Center on the southern island of Hainan. Tianhe is one of three main components of what would be China's first self-developed space station, rivalling the only other station in service–International Space Station(ISS). The ISS is backed by the United States, Russia, Europe, Japan and Canada. It has hosted scientists from over a dozen nations but China has banned from sending any of its astronauts there. Yet, the fact of the ISS though in orbit for more than two decades, is now uncertain. The project is set to expire in 2024 without funding from its partners. Russia said this month that it would quit the project from 2025.
中国计划在2022年底完成永久性空间站的建造工作并于周四成功发射了该空间站的无人核心舱，其中设有可供三名航天员使用的生活区。核心舱命名为“天和”（意指“天地之和气”），具有至少10年的使用寿命。周四上午11时23分（格林威治时间3时23分），在位于海南南部岛屿的文昌航天发射场，天和核心舱由中国最大的运载火箭长征5B搭载发射。天和是中国第一个自主研发的空间站的三个主要组成部分之一，而国际空间站（ISS）退役后，中国此次建造的空间站将成为唯一在役的空间站。国际空间站由美国、俄罗斯、欧洲、日本和加拿大共同参与建设。它已经接待过来自十几个国家的科学家，但禁止中国航天员的加入。国际空间站虽然在轨道上运行了二十多年，但其现状尚不明朗。由于国际空间站项目的一些参与国家将不再提供资助，该项目将于2024年到期。俄罗斯本月表示，它将从2025年起退出该项目。
解析：
1. core module 核心舱
2. unmanned 无人的，无人驾驶的
3. crew一般指（轮船、飞机等上面的）全体工作人员，这里指空间站里的航天员。
4. Long March 5B指长征五号乙（或长征5B）运载火箭是中国新一代运载火箭中的长征五号系列里近地轨道运载能力最大的火箭。
5. Wenchang Space Launch Center 文昌航天发射场
6. rival（/ˈraɪvl/）在文中是动词，指与 … 相匹敌，比得上。
【例句】
The college’s facilities rival those of Harvard and Yale.
这所学院的设施比得上哈佛和耶鲁。
在本段中，rival的意思是说现在只剩下国际空间站和中国的空间站还在使用中，因此两者在此方面形成一种匹敌的状态，但如果直接翻译为“媲美或不相上下”会显得生硬，因此译文进行了灵活处理。
The Tianhe launch was the first of 11 missions which it will take to construct and outfit the space station with everything it needs in order to host its initial crew. Unlike the International Space Station which can hold six comfortably and up to eight if needed, China's space station will initially be capable of supporting up to three astronauts at once. That number could change dramatically in the future if China decides to further build out the station, add new modules, and new living areas. In the later missions, China will launch two other core modules, four manned spacecraft and four cargo spacecraft. At least 12 astronauts of both genders are training to fly to and live in the station, including veterans of precious flights and newcomers. When completed by late 2022, Tianhe is expected to weigh about 66 tons.
天和核心舱将为空间站的建设和配备提供所需的一切物资，以做好接待首批航天员的准备。继天和发射成功后，中国还需实施10次飞行任务。国际空间站可以充裕的地容纳六人，甚至可以在必要时最多容纳八人。相比之下，中国的空间站最初仅能同时容纳三位航天员。如果中国决定进一步扩建空间站，增加新舱和新的生活区，未来的容纳人数可能会显著增加。在以后的飞行任务中，中国将发射另外两个核心舱，以及四架载人飞船和四架货运飞船。至少有12名不同性别的航天员正在接受飞往空间站并在其中生活的训练，其中既有拥有宝贵航天经验的老手也有毫无经验的新手。到2022年底空间站正式落成时，天和核心舱预计重约66吨。
解析：
1. at once 在这里指“同时”而不是“立即”，和simultaneously同义。
【例句】
I can't do two things at once.
我不能同时做两件事。
2. manned spacecraft和cargo spacecraft 分别指载人飞船（或航天器）和货运飞船。
3. veteran（verb，/ˈvetərən/）指“老手，〔在某方面〕经验丰富的人”。与newcomer（新手）是反义词。
【例句】
a veteran of countless campaigns
经历过无数次运动的一名老将
a veteran leader
资深领袖
After years of successful rocket and commercial satellite launches, China put its first astronaut into space in October 2003. It was only the third country to independently do so after the former Soviet Union and the United States. Since that ShenZhou-5 mission, China has sent other astronauts into orbit, placed crews on the original Tiangong Station and conducted a space walk. The launch of a space lab Tiangong-1 in 2011 and Tiangong-2 in 2016 helped China test program's space rendezvous and docking capabilities. China plans another mission in 2024 to bring back lunar samples and to land people on the moon and possibly build a scientific base there. No timeline has been proposed for such projects. China aims to become a major space power by 2030. It has ramped its space program with visits to the moon, the launch of an uncrewed probe to Mars and the construction of its own space station. The Chinese space agency has been moving fast in its aim to catch up to the U.S and Russia in the new space race.
在积累了多年的火箭和商业卫星的成功发射经验后，中国在2003年10月成为了继前苏联和美国之后第三个独立将航天员送入太空的国家。自神舟五号发射以来，中国已将更多的航天员送入太空，还在早期的天宫站安置人员并进行太空行走。中国凭借2011年发射的太空实验室天宫一号和2016年发射的天宫二号测试项目中航天器的空间交会对接能力。中国计划在2024年执行另一项任务，即带回月球样本，实现载人登月，并尝试在月球上建立一个科学基地。不过中国尚未提出实施这些项目的具体时间。中国致力于在2030年成为主要的航天强国，并已经通过登陆月球、向火星发射无人探测器和建造自己的空间站来加强其太空实力。面临新的太空竞赛，中国的航天部门一直在加快发展步伐，旨在与美俄看齐。
解析：
1. space walk 指 太空行走（宇航员在宇宙飞船外的活动）。
2. space rendezvous and docking指“空间交会对接”，其中rendezvous通常指“会面”，但在航天领域特指“（航天器为调动补给而）会合”；dock指“（两架航天器）对接”。
空间交会对接是指两个航天器在空间轨道上会合并在结构上连成一个整体的技术。
3. lunar adj. /ˈluːnə(r)/
指月球的；登月的
【例句】
studies of the lunar surface
对月球表面的研究
a lunar eclipse/landscape
月食；月球的地貌
4. ramp verb /ræmp/
在这里作动词，指“提高，使增加”。
【例句】
Producers can quickly ramp up production.
厂商可以迅速增加产量。
02
二笔· 英译汉1
The World Intellectual Property Organization is the global forum for intellectual property policy, services, information and cooperation. On the 26th of April every year, we celebrate World intellectual Property Day to learn about the role that intellectual property (IP) rights play in encouraging innovation and creativity. Each year we choose a theme that illustrates just how important intellectual property is to society, the economy and to our everyday lives. The theme of this year's campaign is “Reach for Gold: IP and Sports”. Sports are not necessarily something that you would immediately association with IP.
世界知识产权组织是集知识产权政策、服务、信息和合作于一体的全球化论坛。每年的4月26日被定为世界知识产权日，旨在让人们了解知识产权在鼓励创新和创造方面发挥的作用。每年的这一天我们都会发布一个主题，以阐释知识产权对社会、经济和日常生活的重要意义。今年的主题是“奋力夺金：知识产权与体育”。谈起知识产权，人们一般不会立即联想到体育。
解析：
1. World Intellectual Property Organization指世界知识产权组织，简称“WIPO”。
该组织总部设在日内瓦，根据《成立世界知识产权组织公约》而设立。该公约于1967年7月14日在瑞典首都斯德哥尔摩签订，于1970年4月26日生效。
2. intellectual property rights指“知识产权”。
Sports have become a multi-billion-dollar global industry-one that generates investment in facilities, employees millions of people around the world, and entertains many more. Business relationship built on IP rights help to secure the economic value of sport. This, in turn, stimulates the growth of the industry by enabling sporting organizations finance the events we savor, and by providing the means to promote sports development at the grassroots level.
体育已经成为价值数十亿美元的全球产业——它促使人们对体育设施进行投资，为世界各地的人们提供工作岗位，并丰富了更多人的娱乐生活。建立在知识产权基础上的商业关系有助于保障体育的经济价值。这反过来又能够推动体育行业的发展，使体育机构能够为人们热衷的赛事提供赞助，并为民间体育的发展指明途径。
解析：
1. savor verb /ˈseɪvə/
充分体味，享受
【例句】
She savoured her few hours of freedom.
她充分享受那短短几小时的自由。
He ate his meal slowly, savouring every mouthful.
他慢慢地吃着，细细地品味每一口美食。
2. grassroots
ordinary people in society or in an organization, rather than the leaders or people who make decisions 基层民众；平民百姓
【例句】
With a big focus on grassroots issues so really focusing on the well-being of ordinary people.
他把重点放在基层问题上，所以真正关注老百姓的福祉。
Today, thanks to advances in broadcasting and communications technologies anyone can follow sporting action around the clock, anywhere, tracking the performance of their favorite athletes and teams without leaving home. But traditionally, tickets were sold to sports fans to enter an area to watch a match. At that time, the excitement of sporting competition did not move much beyond the area. Now thanks to remarkable technological advances, millions and millions of people around the world can turn in and watch a match. That process of broadcasting sporting action to fans in all parts of the world, and the investment it requires, rewards broadcasters with an IP right, which in turn makes it possible to finance the matches. And yet, these technological innovations are empowered and encouraged by IP.
如今，得益于广播和通信技术的进步，任何人都可以在任何地方全天候地关注体育赛事，足不出户地追踪到他们喜爱的运动员和球队的表现。但传统上，体育迷需购买门票进入观赛区观看比赛。当时，赛场之外只能感受些许体育赛事的激情澎湃。现今，由于技术的巨大进步，世界各地数以百万计的人们得以观看比赛。向世界各地的体育迷转播赛事及其所需的投资为广播公司赢得了知识产权，反过来又可能促使广播公司为比赛提供资金。然而，这些技术创新得到了知识产权的支持和鼓励。
解析：
本段第一句是个长句，我们一起来拆解一下：
Today, //thanks to advances in broadcasting and communications technologies //anyone can follow sporting action //around the clock, anywhere, //tracking the performance of their favorite athletes and teams without leaving home.
句子主干是中间的anyone can follow sporting action。Thanks to...为原因状语从句，我们可以翻译成“得益于……”；around the clock, anywhere修饰前面的follow sporting action这一动作；tracking the performance... 是动名词做伴随状语。
全句看下来，语序与汉语习惯基本相符，所以无需进行语序调整。
句中around the clock表示“全天候，日以继夜地”，相当于round the clock。
近义表达：day and night，all day and all night。
【例句】
Staff have been working around/round the clock to resolve the problems.
为了解决问题，员工日以继夜地工作。
第二句But traditionally, tickets were sold to sports fans to enter an area to watch a match大佬们都在玩{精选官网网址: www.vip333.Co }值得信任的品牌平台!. 如果按字面意思直译，是“但传统上，门票是卖给体育迷进入某个区域观看比赛的。”读起来不太通顺自然。
这里可以进行转换，将“tickets were sold to sports fans”处理成“体育迷需购买门票”，这样译文会自然许多。
At that time, the excitement of sporting competition did not move much beyond the area.
这句按字面意思直译是“当时，体育比赛的兴奋点并没有更多地转移到该区域之外。”
读完心想：这什么鬼？
其实，原文想表达的是“没来现场看比赛的人不怎么能感受到比赛的兴奋”，所以，我们可以进行意译，翻译成“当时，赛场之外只能感受些许体育赛事的激情澎湃。”
We look at how sports business use patents and designs to foster the development of new sports technologies, materials, training, and equipment to help improve athletic performance, and engage fans worldwide. And we find out how trademarks and branding maximize commercial revenue from sponsorship, merchandising and licensing agreements. These revenues offset the cost of organizing world class events, such as the Olympic Games and World Cup series, and ensure that the value and integrity of these spectacular events are safeguarded.
我们研究了体育企业如何利用专利和设计来推动新的体育技术、材料、训练和设备的发展，以帮助提高运动成绩，吸引全世界的体育迷。我们还弄清了商标和品牌如何通过赞助、商品销售和许可协议将商业收入最大化。这些收入抵消了组织诸如奥运会和世界杯系列赛这类世界级赛事的成本，同时也确保这些精彩赛事的价值和完整性得到保障。
本段第一句有两个to do结构，都是表目的。句子的主体结构是We look at how sports business use patents and designs to...to...。第一个use sth to...我们可以翻译成“利用……来……”，第二个to可以翻译成“以……”，对前后文进行衔接。
We look at how sports business use patents and designs //to foster the development of new sports technologies, materials, training, and equipment //to help improve athletic performance, //and engage fans worldwide.
第二句world class events后面有个插入语such as the Olympic Games and World Cup series，如果such as后面列举的内容不是很多，为了保证译文的连贯性，可以把它融入到前一句中，翻译成“诸如……这类世界级比赛”。大佬们都在玩{精选官网网址: www.vip333.Co }值得信任的品牌平台!
03
二笔·英译汉2
In today's increasingly diverse societies, UNESCO continues to accomplish its fundamental humanist mission to support people in understanding each other and working together to build lasting peace. It helps to enable people to create and use knowledge for just and inclusive societies. Towards this end, UNESCO has prioritized training and research in sustainable development, skills for peaceful relations, good governance, and the prevention of conflict and peace building among others.
在当今日益多样化的社会中，联合国教科文组织继续履行其基本的人文主义使命，支持人们相互理解，共同建设持久和平。它帮助人们创造和使用知识，构建公正和包容的社会。为此，联合国教科文组织将可持续发展、和平关系技巧、善治、预防冲突及建设和平方面的培训和研究列为优先事项。
解析：
本段的句子不是很难，我们来看最后一句。
Towards this end, //UNESCO has prioritized training and research //in sustainable development, skills for peaceful relations, good governance, and the prevention of conflict and peace building among others.
句子主干是UNESCO has prioritized training and research，介词in后面跟了一连串的并列词组。我们可以将句子翻译为“将……等方面的培训和研究列为优先事项”。大佬们都在玩{精选官网网址: www.vip333.Co }值得信任的品牌平台!
有些同学可能会有疑问：译文的“等”是怎么来的呢？
这里的“等”对应的是文中的among others，它用来 indicate that there are several more facts, things, or people like the one or ones mentioned, but that you do not intend to mention them all，即所列举的事物只是其中一部分，所以翻译成“等”就可以啦。
下次翻译/写作可以试试用among others代替etc.，and so on哦。
本句的towards this end表示“为此目的”，大家可以一并积累下来。
此外，本段中还出现了一些考试高频词条：
UNESCO 联合国教科文组织
（United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization）
humanist mission 人文主义使命
build lasting peace 建设持久和平
sustainable development 可持续发展
good governance 善治
prevention of conflict 预防冲突
Yet, lasting peace rests on a complex and fragile web of daily practices embedded in local settings and daily encounters that individuals and communities maintain. People believe that these practices constitute the sustainable conditions for living together in dignity and shared prosperity. At a time of increasing global challenges and threats, such as inequality, exclusion, violence and sectarianism worsened by local tensions and conflicts which undermine humanity's cohesion, learning to live together and fostering rights, inclusion and non-discrimination among all members of the global community become more topical than ever before.
然而，持久的和平建立在复杂而脆弱的日常实践网络之上，这一网络植根于个人和群体所处的当地环境和日常交往中。人们相信，这些实践是维持人们保有尊严地一同生活、共同繁荣的条件。全球挑战和威胁日益加剧，诸如不平等、排外、暴力和宗派主义这类问题由于地方局势紧张和冲突而恶化，破坏了人类的凝聚力，在这个时期，学习如何共同生活，保障全球社会所有成员的权利，促进人们之间的包容、消除歧视，比以往任何时候都更加重要。
解析：
第一句话比较复杂，我们一起来看看。
Yet, //lasting peace rests on a complex and fragile web of daily practices //embedded in local settings and daily encounters //that individuals and communities maintain.
句子主干是lasting peace rests on a complex and fragile web of daily practices，后面embedded in local...是省略了which/that的定语从句，修饰前面的web；这个定语中又套了一个定语从句，即daily encounters后面的that individuals and communities maintain，修饰的应该是前面的local settings and daily encounters。
在翻译的时候我们可以把句子从practices和embedded中间断开，用“这一网络”将前后部分衔接起来。
最后一句也是典型的长难句。遇到长难句不要慌，先进行断句。
At a time of increasing global challenges and threats, //such as inequality, exclusion, violence and sectarianism //worsened by local tensions and conflicts //which undermine humanity's cohesion, //learning to live together and fostering rights, inclusion and non-discrimination among all members of the global community become more topical than ever before.
句子的主干是learning to... become more topical than ever before. 其中learning to live together and fostering rights, inclusion and non-discrimination是主语，后面还跟了among all members of the global community修饰成分，这么一大串确实很迷惑人，遇到这种情况记得把主谓宾找出来，就会清晰很多。
译文对语序进行了调整，将at a time放到了中间衔接前后文，即先把背景交待好，然后再提及“在这个时期，学习……变得更加重要”。大家可以仔细看看译文，学学怎么处理。
Individuals become interculturally competent through learning and life experience for successful living in the modern complexity of our heterogeneous world and consequently they become prepared to appreciate diversity as well as manage conflicts in accordance with the values of pluralism and mutual understanding. UNESCO intervenes to help its member states and all its partners to better understand and address the challenges of our more and more diversified societies, particularly through its intergovernmental Programme for Management of Social Transformations（政府间社会轻型管理行动） and the Culture of Peace and Non-Violence Programme（和平与非暴力行动） which include, inter alia, initiatives for democracy and global citizenship, intercultural dialogue, and peace-building.
个人通过学习和生活经验习得跨文化能力，以便在现代复杂而多样化的世界中成功生活下去，因此，他们已准备好去理解多样化，同时根据多元化和相互理解的价值观来管理冲突。联合国教科文组织采取干预措施，特别是通过政府间社会轻型管理行动以及和平与非暴力行动，帮助其成员国和所有合作伙伴更好地理解和应对我们越来越多样化的社会所面临的挑战。其中包括民主和全球公民、跨文化对话及和平建设等方面的举措。
解析：
这次的二笔实务真的好多长难句……
我们来看第一句。
Individuals become interculturally competent through learning and life experience for successful living in the modern complexity of our heterogeneous world //and consequently they become prepared to appreciate diversity as well as manage conflicts in accordance with the values of pluralism and mutual understanding.
句子整体是由and衔接的并列结构。
前半部分的主干是Individuals become interculturally competent，后面跟了through方式状语，紧接着experience后面又跟了for目的状语，我们可以翻译成“以便……”。
后半部分主干是they become prepared to appreciate diversity as well as manage conflicts，后面的in accordance with...修饰manage conflicts。
第二句句子也很长。
UNESCO intervenes to help its member states and all its partners to better understand and address the challenges of our more and more diversified societies, //particularly through its intergovernmental Programme for Management of Social Transformations（政府间社会轻型管理行动） and the Culture of Peace and Non-Violence Programme（和平与非暴力行动） //which include, inter alia, initiatives for democracy and global citizenship, intercultural dialogue, and peace-building.
句子主干是UNESCO intervenes to help...and address the challenges...diversified societies，后面的particularly through...是方式状语。
译文做了语序调整，把particularly through...提前放在了to help的前面，即“联合国教科文组织采取干预措施，特别是通过……帮助……”，大家可以仔细读下译文。
本段中的inter alia和上文提到的among others类似，也翻译成“等”即可。
UNESCO has promoted the right to quality education and the advancement of science and its application to develop knowledge and capacity for economic and social progress, the basis of peace and sustainable development. It has focused its work in science on issues of global concern requiring multinational collaboration such as in the fields of fresh water resources management, ocean health, climate change, renewable energy, natural disaster reduction, biodiversity loss, and capacity building in science, technology and innovation.
联合国教科文组织促进了人们接受优质教育的权利，推动了科学的发展与应用，以发展知识和能力推进经济和社会进步，这是和平和可持续发展的基础。它将科学工作的重点放在需要多国合作的全球关切的问题上，如淡水资源管理、海洋健康、气候变化、可再生能源、减少自然灾害、生物多样性减少以及科学、技术和创新能力建设领域。
解析：
本段句子相对比较简单。
第一句的the basis of peace and sustainable development是插入语，解释说明前面的内容。
第二句global concern后面是动名词结构requiring multinational collaboration做定语，鉴于这个结构很短，我们可以把它翻译成前置定语，即“需要多国合作的全球关切的问题”。
UNESCO is concerned about the rise of racism, xenophobia and intolerance, and considers education essential to strengthening the foundation of tolerance, and reducing discrimination and violence. The project “Teaching Respect for ALL”（尊重所有人的教育项目）aims to design a curricular framework to fight racism and promote tolerance, which countries can adapt to their respective contexts and needs. Furthermore, it seeks to promote the development and practice of sporting activities, as well as the fight against doping to foster social integration in different cultural and political contexts, recognizing that sport disregards both geographical borders and social class.
联合国教科文组织关注种族主义、仇外和不容忍问题的增多，认为教育对于稳固宽容的基石和减少歧视和暴力来说至关重要。“尊重所有人的教育项目”旨在设计出一个打击种族主义和促进宽容的课程框架，各国可以根据各自的情况和需求进行调整。此外，该项目旨在促进体育活动的发展和实践，以及反对使用兴奋剂，以促进不同文化和政治背景下的社会融合，让人们认识到体育是不分地域和社会阶层的。
解析：
第二句句尾有个which引导的定语从句，修饰前面的a curricular framework，还原之后是countries can adapt the curricular framework to their respective contexts and needs。
The project “Teaching Respect for ALL” aims to design a curricular framework //to fight racism and promote tolerance, //which countries can adapt to their respective contexts and needs.
本段有许多高频词条，大家可以积累起来：
racism 种族主义
xenophobia /ˌzenəˈfəʊbiə/ 仇外
intolerance 不容忍
discrimination 歧视
tolerance 宽容
*真题整理、翻译与解析由译介翻译团队完成，仅供参考，不当之处欢迎大家在评论区讨论！转载请注明来源！
▲ 如需人工翻译服务，请联系微信号kevinssf ！
- THE END -
PDF版完整真题及解析（含汉译英）
请添加小助手，我们会在72小时内统一回复哦！
文章声明：以上内容(如有图片或视频在内)除非注明，否则均为原创文章，转载或复制请以超链接形式并注明出处。
本文作者：admin本文链接：https://youshishanglv.com/post/61.html
